Steam-heating system.



J. OOLLIS.

STEAM HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 28, 1908.

2 SHEETS-811E131; 1.

7 BY Juhrx 1:51.115

ATTORNEYS Patented. June 28, 1910.

no (Q 9mm wfi J. GOLLIS. STEAM HEATING SYSTEM. APPLIOATION FILED MAY 2a.1908.

Patented June 28, 1910.

2 SHEETSSHEET 21 JOHN COLLIS, 0 NEWARK, NEW] JERSEY.

ocasso.

STEAM-HEATING SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Eatent. Patggzted Jung 28, jllflk Applicationfiled May 28, 1998.

Serial No. 35,466. 7

To all whom it may concern:

' do it known that l, JonN Comm, :1 citizen of the United States,residing at Nowa k, in the county of Essex and State of YewJerscy,.lrave invented certainnew and useful lmprdvemcnts inSteamlleating Systems, and do hereby declare the followin to he a full,clear, and exact description or the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethesame, reference being 'had to the accompanying drawings, and to theheat-producing medium is circulated in substantially the manner and forthe purposes hereinafter more particularly setforth.

My present invention, therefore, has for its principal object to providea novel steamheating system. comprising a circulating system of pipesand heaters or radiators located at different points in said pipes,

through which a heating medium, such as exhaust steam or live steam isto be conducted, the system ot pipes being provided at a point below orat the bottom of the return riser or risers with an automaticallyoperating air and water-reservoir, and condenser, to. no used inconnection with a n0r- .mally slowly working pump or the like for firstexhausting the'air from the pipe-systom, so as to produce a vacuum, andreceiv' inp; the water of condensation in said reservoir, the latterbeing provided with mechanism or devices for automatically controllingthe supply of the return ater to the vacuum producer, such as a pump orother similarly operating mechanism. so that the source or mains forproducing the vacuum is automatically controlledliy the water of .condcnsati on.

My invention has for its further object to provide an automaticallyoperatingair and-water reservoir and condenser located at the end orbottom ot the riser, the parts and connections with. the pipes of thesystem being such that the escape of any vapor hack; to thevacuitin-producing source. such as a pump other suitable mechanism. islearly prevented, the air-connections at the bottom of the re] rn riseror risers and at the vacuum-produsing source being ealed, as willhereinafter more fully appear.

The invention has for its further ohiect to provide in connection withmy novel.

steam-heating system, a novel means for the controlling of another valveby the mechanism which is operated by the Water oi"? con densation, foradmitting live steam into the system, in case that the supply of exhauststeam is insul'licient for the purposes of my present invention.

Object of the invention 15 to so arrange the parts which control thesupply A further of the live steam, that the live steam may be usedperiodically only, and the operation. of the parts also being such thattlldllfii? of livesteam will he only enough to supply the that is, thesupply of live steam being automatically shut off.

Other objects of this invention will he clearly understood from thefollowing detailed description of this invention; and are, finally toprovide a vacuum steam heating system comprising various apparatus andinst rumentalities all arranged to provide a simple. durable andinexpensive construe tion, and one which operates automatically and ismost. ctlicient in its operation.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, inwhich Figure 1 is a diagrannnatical representation of a heating systemor apparatus embodying the principles of this invention said viewshowing in connect-ion with the system portions or one heater orradiator, and, portions of the supply-riseand return pipe or riser, andan arrangement of air and. waterradiators without. any WfLStQ3.

receivers and condensers, shown in Vertical valve and air dispellingdevice located he-- tween the outlet of a. radiator and areturn pipe;and Fig. is a cross-section of the same, said section being representedas taken in a vertical plane at right angles to the plane of the sectionof the drawmg in said imilar characters of reference 'are employed inall of the above described views, to ndicate corresponding parts.

' Referring now to the several figures of steam-boiler, from which livesteam can the drawings, thereference-character 1 indicates a-mainsteam-pipe, leadlng from the main source or steam-generator, such as adondncted into and through said pipe. In

the resent instance, the said pi e 1 has locate therein, at, anysuitable an convenient positions, a pair of closing and manuallyoperated valves 2 and 3', the said pipe being provided between said,valves with a T-fittin a, and at a pointbyond said valve 3 Willlsuitable fittings 5 and 6, the fitting 6 having connected therewith apipe 7 for conneying exhaust steam from any suitable {point to saidfitting 6. Connected with said ,ttin 6 is a ipe 8 which is connectedwith is m iator-va ve 9,' refer-ably of the construction shown in edrawmgsand hereinafter more particularly described. Suitably connectedwith said radiator-valve, by .imeans of a ccnnect1on,, as 10, 1s aradlator or heater 11 of any known construction. Attached to the outlet12 of said radiator is a connectionlty, preferably made as shown,

and with which is connected an automatically operating drama e-valve14:, preferably of the construction s own inthe drawings andsubsequently more fully described.

' Leading-from said drains evalve 'is a suitable pipe-connection whicisconnected by means of a T-fitti'ng 16 with a return-riser or pipe, 17,leading from any other number of radiators or heaters, not here shown,with which the heating system is'provided.

The reference-character 18 indicates a supply-pipe or-riser which isconnected with the previously mentioned Trfitting 5 and p which theleads tosuch other radiators or heaters with heating system is providedfor conveying steam to such radiators. Gonnected wlth t he lowestend-portion of the return-riser or pipe 17 is a T-fitting 19, from u'whicl'i extends a pipe 20, which is suitably connected with the lowerlocated rece ver or tank ortion of a suitable'receiver, tank or conenscr, as 21. A pipe 22, of a smaller cross-sectional area than thepipes 17 and 20, extends from the l fitting 19 andpasses into the upperportion of the receiver or tank, 21, said pipe 22 having a hand operatedregulating-valve 23 therein, and terminating within said 21 in adownwardly extendring pipe-end 24;. Leading. from another part of theupper portion of said receiver or tank 21 is a pipe 25 in which thereis'a hand operated; regulating-valve 26, said pipe beingconnected bymeans of a fitting 27 with a pipe 28 which is provided with a pair of-T-fittings 29 and 30. Connected with and wardly extending pipe-end 37.8

Suitably connected with the T-fittingBO is a pipe 38 and fitting 39 towhich is secured a pipe 40 leading from one or more other receivers,tanks or condensers, similar to the receiver or tank 21, and suitablyconnected, in the manner just stated, below other return-risers or pipesof other radiators in the heating system, as will 'be clearly-understood.

Suitably connected with and extending from the T-fitting 29 is a pipe 41which extends into the receiver or tank 21 at a desirable poinhbetweenthe lower inlet and upper outlet of said receiver or tank, substantiallyas illustrated. Located in said pipe is. a valve 42,c0nnected with abracket 43 secured to the tank 21, said valve 42 having suitablyconnected with its valve-stem an actuating lever. or arms); This leverorarm is provided upon its end-portion with a link-shaped part or member45 into which extends a pin or projection 46. formed upon the side of arod 47 which is movably disposed in suitable guides 48 and 49, and isprovided with suitable stops 50 and 51,

which may be adjustably arranged upon said rod and are adapted to limitthe move- 'ments of said rod in either direction' Riding upon thesurface of the water of condensation in said tank or receiver 21 is a1float 52, from the opposite portions of which extend suitably shapedrods or arms, as 53 and 54:, respectivel provided at their free endswith suitably ormed eyes or embracing portions 55 which embrace'and areindcpendently movable upon said rod 47, so as to be brought inengagement with said stops 50 and 51, as the water rises or falls, tomove the rod 47 in either direction, as the case may be, and by means ofthe lever or arm 44;,

ly, opening or which is moved .accordin 1 be clearly eviclosing saidvalve 42, as, wi dent. I

Leading from the tank, receiver or con denser 34 is a pipe 56, said pipeextending from the interior of the tank or receiver at a point above thepoint of inlet between the pipe 33' and the said tank or receiver, thesaid pipe 56 being also connected by means of a as ,57, with apipe 58leading to and deiver or tank 31.

tion-chainber of said stem tuatlng members or elements "which there isavalve 74 being Communicating with the suction-chamber (30 of a Suitablepump, as 59. In the said pipe 58 is a T-fitting 61, -a pipe-connection32, in which there is a hand operated regulating valve 63,-being locatedbetween said litting- 623.1141 the upper interior of the said re-Extending from the sucpump is the usual outlet or discharge pipe (34.The referencecharacter (55 indicates the steam-cylinder of the pump, and(56 is the exhaust which is connected therewith. Intermediately disposedbetween the T-fitting 4 in the main pipe or line 1 and the inlet (57 ofsaid steamcylinderbf is a steam-conveying pipe (38,- in which pipe arelocated several T-littings 69, 70 and 71, and a valve 72,- a pipe 73 inconnected with the T-littings 70 and 71, so as toprovide a by-pass forthe purposes to be presently more fully stated. Extending from thefitting which' communicates with the T-fitting (30 in the pipe (38 andis provided with a valve 70. Movably arranged within said receiver ortank 34, so as to ride upon the surface of the water of condensation insaid receiver, or tank, is a float 77, said float being provided withavertical'stem-or rod 78 which extends through and is slidahly arrangedin a guide 79 in the top of the said tank or receiver. Suitablyconnected with the said Mind 7 8 are a pair of valve-lever ac- 80 'and81, preferably of the construction shown in Figs. 3 and l of thedrawings, and consisting-0t linlnshaped devices, the sides 82 and 83 ofwhich may be provided with holes or perforations 86 for the insertion ofan en gaging pin, bolt or stud and one of the sides, as 82, beingpreferably. formed with an open portion 84 for the arrangement" betweenthe sides of the member or element 8001 a Valve-spindle operating arm orlever adapted to'be detachably connected \Vllll the valve 72,01, for thearrangement bewithin said body is tween the sides or the other member orelement 81 of a valvespi11dle operating arm or lever 88, adapted to hedetarhably connected with the valve 70.

Referring nowto Fig. 2 of the drawings, it. will be seen that theradiator-valve 0, pre viously mentioned comprises a suitably formed mainhollow or chambered body 89 provided with a suitable inlet 90 and anoutlet 91. Rotatably disposed upon a seat 92 a valve-body or' element93, which has a perforated top 94, but is open at the bottom, as at 95,so as to form a chamber 00. The purpose of this perforated top 04 is topermit sutiicie'nt fluid, as steam, to pass uponthe other side of saidtop, that the valve-body or element 93 will be balanced. In its side 97the said valve-body or element 93 is made with an opening"98,

5 isanother pipe-connection adapted to be moved over the opening of theoutlet 91, so as to provide a direct passageway for the heating mediumentering at 00 into the chamber SH) and through the opening 08 andoutlet 01 to the radiator, as will be clearly evident; but the partsbeing arranged so that said opening 98 is moved away from the outlet 01,so toclose the passageway for the steam to the radiator, Upon the upperclosed top 94 of the said valvcbody or element 08 is an upwardlyextending projection or lug 00 upon which is arranged a socket-lil eend-portion 101 of an operating stem 100 which is'provided at its upperend-portion with a suitably disposed operating handle 102. The. upperportion of the said main hollow or chambered body is formed with ascrew-threaded part 105 upon which is screwed a suitably formed closingcap or bonnet 10 1. This cap or bonnet 101 is made with a suitablescrewthreaded neck or openpart, as 105, through which the valve-stem 100extends, as shown, and upon the upper portion of the said bonnet or cap104 is a chambered member or bonnet 106 which is provided with aninternally screw-threaded portion 107, so as to be adapted to be screwedupon the screwthreaded portion of the closing cap or bonnet 104. Uponits upper portion the said mcmher or bonnet 106 is made with a tubularpart 108, through which the valve-stem extends and is rotativelyarranged therein as shown. Suitably arranged within the chambered partof the closing cap or bonnet 100, resting directly upon a closingend-portion 109, forming a valve-seat, is a packing gasket 110, or ametal disk may be used, said disk'resting upon said portion which inthat case is ground to provide a ground joint. The operating stem orspindle 100 is provided with a flange 111, resting directly upon saidgasket or packing disk 110, a spring 112, which-is arranged within thechamber 113 and which encircles the said no spindle 100, in the mannershown, being used for pressing the annular flange 111 down upon .thesaid packing disk for retaining it in its operative position, as will.be clearly evident. If desired another; packing disk 11% may also bearranged, 'imthe manner shown in said Fig. 2 of the drawings, and heldin the said position, as shown, by means of an annular oft-set 115 ofthe closing cap on bonnet 101, when the latter is screwed down upon thehollow or chambered body 89. In this manner I have provided a packlessand quick-opening radiator valve, which at no time requires any packingand insures against the leakage of steam around the stem of the valve.The valve is quickopening, about one-quarter of a turn opening andclosing the outlet 91, and it'have produced a simply constructedradiator-valve which is admirably adapted for 51158111 Vacuum steamheating systems, because there can be no leakage as with the ordinarypacked radiator valves, which no matter'how carefully they are packedabout the valvestem, will with constant use Wear away, and very oftenafter a few operations a suficient leak will develop around the packedstem of the valve to make it impossible to hold the vacuum on thatparticular radiator.

Referring now more particularly to Figs.-

screwing the cap in place. Extending from the one side of the saidtubular member 14 is an externally screw-threaded tubular portion orelement121, which'is adapted to be connected with the pipe 13leadingfrom the radiator 11, and forms asuitable inlet into the interior of thesaid. tubular body 14, as will be clearly understood. An angularvalve-seat 122 may be provided, and arranged upon the said valve seansoas to close the same by means of its own weight, is a suitablevalve-disk or plate 123, the said disk or plate'being provided withsuitably formed ears or lugs 124, for arranging said ears or lugs over apin or pintle 125 for operatively connecting the said valve-disk orplate to a perforated ear or lug 126, so that the valve disk or plate123 Wlll be secured in its operative position in a hingelike manner.

ay be provided with a yoke-shaped member 1 7 withwhich is connected astem. This stem 128 has pivotally connected therewith an upwardlyextending rod 129 which has arranged thereon and has suitably securedthereto a counter-balancing disk 130 of sub-' stantially the same or ofa slightly larger area than that of the valve-disk or plate 123, saiddisk 130 being suitably-fitted 1n the annular portion 131 of the tubularmember 14, and being capable of a free slidable movement therein. Thesaid valve-disk or plate 123 is provided with a small orifice or hole132 which is covered by a small valve-disk or plate 133, normally heldin its closed position by a spring 134, said parts being ar-' rangedsubstantially in the manner shown in said Fig. 5 of the drawings.

Having in the foregoing description set forth in a general way, onearrangement of devices and instrumentalities for producing avacuumsteam-heating system embodying theprinciples of my present1nvent1on, I will now brieflyset forth the method of its The saiddisk'or plate 123 operation. In practical use and assuming that it isdesired to use steam at or below atmospher c pressure, the valve 74 isset so that it is only partially open, the valve 72 being closed and thevalve-operating armor lever 87 being connected with the projecting 1 endof the valve-spindle and its end-portion being inserted between thesides of the device 80, in the manner shown. It will be well to mentionhere, that the other valveoperating arm or lever 88, however, is de-ftached from the projecting end of the spindle of the valve 76, becauseit is not desirable --to actuate the said valve 76, at this time.

When exhaust steam is used for heating purposes, the valve 3 in the pipe1,' is closed and valve 2 is opened. The live steam enters through pipe1 into the pipe 73-, and through the partially open valve 74 in saidpipe 73, passing into the steam-cylinder 65 of the pump 59, and beingexhausted at 66.

Owing to the partially open condition of v the valve 74 aslow movementof the pump is produced with the result that the air is drawn by suctionfrom the radiator 11 into the pipe-connection 13 and the orifice 132 inthe disk or plate 123 of the discharge or drainage valve 14, suitablylifting the small valve-disk or plate-133, the several regulating valves23, 26, 36 and 63 being set so as to regulate the area of the passagesin the pipes 22, 25, 31 and 62 in which the regulating valves areplaced. The air is thereupon sucked through the pipes 15, 17, 22 and 24into the receiver or tank 21, andfrom said receiver or tank 21, throughthepipes 25, 28, 31, 35 and 37'into the receiver or tank 34; From withinthis receiver or tank 34 air is sucked into and through the pipe 62 andpart of the pipe 58 into the suction chamber 60 of the pump 59, beingfinally expelled through the discharge pipe 64. At the same time, thesmall orifice 132 is such that a- .smaller vacuum is produced in theradiator thanv in the vertical return-risers, the area of the disk 130being practically the same as that of the valve-disk or'plate 123 *SE)that any action of the disk or p ate 12 3 swinging open is counteractedby the counterbalancing disk 130. The arrangement of the cap 119 uponthe upper portion of the valvecasing 14 is such that it does not fittight, whereby some air is permitted to. enter the valve-casing abovethe counterbalancing disk 130, and thus aids in causing said disk to ingof whichthe pipes ;40,and 38 are art, The radiator-valved)! having alsoeen opened, exhauststeam enters from the pipe 7 through thepipe-connections 8 and 10 into the radiator 11, for heating purposes. A

vacuum having ,thus been produced, the

valves 23, the Water that may wile the cold body ofivuter, always in thetanli, being immediately condensed into water.

ordinary amount of Water of cndiators 1.1,llovvs-l7hrough the orilicefrom the pipe-connection l3, and thence through the pipes 15, l? andinto the bot tom of the receiver or tank 21, located at the bottom ofthereturn-riser. The rising Water in each receiver or tank 21 finallyfloats the float 52, so as to cause the same to move upward, at the sametime, sealing the inlet to pi ac The upward movement of brings the arm53) against the stop so, v-rhcreby the rod or stem i? is also moved inupward direction, so that the valveopesating arm or lever ii is operatedso to open the valve 42. The water then.

flows from said receiver or tank '21, into and throng the pipes ll, 28,31, and into the bottomof the main receiver or, tank 34, Where the Waterof condensation is collected. In like manner, all other water ofcondensatiou coming through the pipe all passes through the pipes 38, 31and 33 into the bottom of the tank or receiver 681' in said tank orreceiver 3% 1 ,s, lifts the float i'fZ, and produces an upward movementof the stem or red 78, and the" device 80 connected with said sternerred, the water at the same time sealing the inlet end of the pipe 3?.The upward movement of the said device 80, by means of the pin, stud, othe, like, 85, being brought in lifting-enement with the end of thevalve-operatui armor lever 87, movesthe latter and opens wide the valve72. A full supply of live steam, from the pipe 1, is thereby permittedto" enter the steanrchamber or cylinder of the pump, through the pipe68, so as to cause the rapid working of the latter. The result will bethat the excessive collection of Water of condensation in the tanks orreceivers 34: and 21, will hepumped lherefrom, and will be exhausted atthe pumptlirouuh the outlet pipe 6i, us will be clearly understood. Thelowering levels of tliic different bodies of Water, in the receivers ortanks 34 and 21, produce a lowered-con dition of the flow so that'lhevalve 72 is ugntin closed and the valve 42 is also closed, thus bringingthe entire systen'i once more down to its normal condition, for therepetilion of the various steps in the method or process l'zcreinabovedescribed.

in case of a large supply of water of condensation in the radiator, atsuch time after the valve 1) has been kept clowl, or that may 'onresulting in the radiator or ra-' is the W:L-'

have collected in the pipe connections between the radiator and the dainugc valve l l, when the pump is rapidly set in operation, theincreased supply of Water lifts the said disk or valve or plate 123k)such a dcg'rcc, that the water of condensation is suddenly removed, inthe same manner as above described. In case the exhaust from thesteam-engine or other source of supply is insufficient to properly heatthe radiators, it may be desired to periodically admit live steam intothe radiators. To do this the valve-operating lever or arm 88 is now connected with the end of the valve-spindle of the valve 7 the end-portionof the lover or arm 88 being arranged between the sides of the device81, so as to rest upon the pin or stud S5 of said device. The upwardmovement of the rod or stem 78, also moves said device 81 in an upwarddirection, so that the valve 76 is opened, whereby live steam from thepipes l and 68 enters the pipe and then passes into the riser l8 andthrough the pipes 8 and 10 and the valve 9 into the radiators, inaddition to the sup ly of exhaust steam, as will be clearly understood.The lowering of the Water-level in the receiver or tank 34 againproduces the closed condition of the valve 76', so that only exhauststeam is admitted to the radiators. The arm or lever 88 can thereupon beagain disconnected, or left its connected relatimi, so that the valve 76will be intermittently opened and closed, so that live steam will beperiodically admitted into the radiators, if found desirable. By alsoopening the valve 3 live steamcan be directly admitted into the risersand radiators from the main steam-pipe l, in the case that it isnecessary to make repairs to the other parts of the system, orotherwise.

From the foregoing description of my present invention it Wlll be seenthat l have devised a simply constructed and eiliciently operatingsteam-heating system or apparatus in which the vacuum-p oducing sourceis automatically controlled by the water of con-. densation, so as tomaintam a vacuum in the radiators and keep them free from the Water ofcondensation, the general arrangement andconstruction of the parts beingsuch that all the noises due to hammering are fully overcome.

I claim I l. A heating system comprising a radiator, a main pipeleading. to and connected with said radiator, and a pump, said pumphaving a steam and a suction chamber, it return-13' e leading from saidradiator, a valve in said main pipe for admitting live steam to theradiator, said valve being noi mally 'closed, a pipe connected-"Withandleading from said main pipe to the steam-e chamber of the pump, anautomatically controlled valve in said last-mentioned: pipe,

i so,

pipe-connections between the suction chamber of the pump and thereturn-riser for producing a vacuum in the radiator, and in- 4strumentalities located between said pipeconnections and provided withmeans operated from the Water of condensation 'for periodically openingand closing the Valve in said main pipe, and automatically con trollingthe valve in thepipe leading from said main pipe to the steam-chamber ofthe pump.

2. A heating systeincomprising a radiator, a main pipe 'leading toand-connected with said radiator, and apump, said pump having a steamand a suction chamber, a return-riser leading from said radiator, a

valve in said main i e for admittin live' steam to the radiator, saidvalve being nor-. mally closed, a pipe connected with and leading fromsaid main pipe to the steamehamber of the pump, an automaticallycontrolled valve in said last-mentioned pipe, pipe-connections betweenthe suction chamber of the pump and the return-riser for producing avacuum in the radiator, and an air and water receiver and condenserlocated between said pipe-connections, and means connected to said airand watera'eceiver and condenser and operated from the waterofsteanmchamber of the pump, a valve in said pipe, said valve being onlypartially open sons to admit a limited quantity of steam to thesteam-chamber of the pump for slowly operating the same, a by-pass pipeconnected with said pipe on opposite sides of said'partially closedvalve, a normally closed valve in said by-pass pipe, pipe connectionsbetween the suction chamber of the pump and the return-riser forproducing a vacuum in the radiator, and instrumentalities locatedbetween said pipe-connections for automatically controlling the saidvalve in said bypass pipe and the operation of the pump by means oi. thewater of condensation.

4. A heating system comprising a radiator, a'main pipe leading to andc'onnected with said radiator, a return-riser extending from saidradiator and a pump, said pump.

having" a steam chamber anda suction chamber, a pipe between saidmainpipe, and the steam-chamber of the pump, avalvein said pipe, said valvebeing only, partiall open so as to admit-ea limited quantity 0 steamenaease to the steam-chamber oi the pump for siowly operatin the same, aby-pass pipe connected with sai pipe on opposite sides of said pantially closed valve, a normally closed valve in said by-pass pipe, ipeconnections between the suctionvcham er of the pump and the return-riserfor producing a vacuum in the radiator, and instrumentalities locatedbetween-said pipe-connections for automatically controlling the saidvalve in said by; pass pipe and the operation of the pump by means ofthe water of condensation, and also being adapted to act as a sealingmeans for preventing the escape of any vapor from the returneriser.

5. A heating system comprising a radi ator, a main pipe leading to andconnected with said radiator, areturn-riser extending from saidradiator, and a pump, said pump I having a steam chamber and a suctionchamher, a pipe between said main pipe and the steam-chamber of thepump, a valve in said. pipe, said valve being only partially open so asto admit a limited quantity oi steant to the steam-chamber of the pumpfor slowly operating thesame, a bypass pipe connected with said pipe onopposite sides of said partially closed valve, a normally closed valveiii-said by-pass pipe, a closed tank for re ceiving Water ofcondensation, said tank being in communication with the discharge end ofthe return riser and the suction chamber of the pump, a float floatingupon the surface of the water of condensation in said tank, and meansconnected with and operated from said float for opening and closing thenormally closed valve in said by ass pipe, all arranged to exhaustthe-air romthe radiator and withdraw the excess water of condensationfrom the tank. f

6. A heating system comprising a radiator, a main pipe leading to andconnected with said radiator, a return-riser extending from saidradiator, and a pump, said pump 1 having a steam chamber and a suctioncham- 5 her, a pipe between said main pipe and the, steam-chamber ofthepump, a valve in said pipe, said valve being only partially open soas to admit a limited quantity oi steam to the steain-chan'iber of. thepump'for slowly operating the same, a lay-pass pipe connected with saidpipe on opposite sides of said a partially closed valve, a normallyclosed valve in said by-pass pipe, a closed tankfor receiving waterof'condensation, said tank being in communication with the di charge endof the return riser and the suc tion chamber of the"pump,-.a floatfloating upon the surface of the water of condensation in said tank, andmeans connected with and operated fromsaid float for opening and closingthenormally closed valve in said by-pass pipe, all'arranged to exhaustthe air from the radiator and Withdraw the excess water ofcondensationfrom the tank,

from the radiator, and also opening wide for the passage of increasedqnantities of water of condensation from the radiator, a

-' ing upon. the surface of t pump comprising a steam chamber and asuction chamber, a pipe leadin from the main pipe to said pum a valve insaid pipe,said valve being on y partially open so as to admit a limitedquantity of steam to the steam-chamber of the pump for slowly opera-tinthe same, a. by-pass pipe connected with tially closed valve, a normallclosed valve in said by-pass ipe, a clos tank. for receiving water-01condensation, a pipe .connection between the return-riser and said tank,a pipe connectingsaid tank with the suction chamber of the ump, afloatfloatsationin said tank, and means connected with and operated from saidfloat for opening and closing the normally closed valve in said by-passpipe, all arranged to exhaust the air from the radiator and withdraw theY excess water of condensation from the tank. 35"- turn-riser, means forsupplying a heating 8. In a heating system, a radiator and remedium tosaid radiator, a return-valve located betweensaid radiator and saidriser, said return-valve bein constructed 'to operate automatically andallow the passe e of air as Well as small quantities of water mm theradiator, and also opening wide for the passage of increased quantitiesof watenof condensation from the radiator, a. pump comprising a steamchamber and a suction chamber, a pipe leading from the main pipe tosaidpump, a valve in saidpipe, said 'valve being only partially open soilsto admit a limited uantity of steam to the steam-chamber of the pump forslowly operating the same, a by-pass pipe connected with said pipe onopposite sides of said partially closed valve, a normall by-ipasspipea,close' I water of condensation, :tpipe connection betweentheretu-rn-riser and said tanlqra pipe connecting said tank with'thesuction chamber of the amp, 0," float floating upon the surface of-t ewater of condensation in said tank, and means connected with andoperated from said float for opening and closing the normally closedvalve in said byass pipe, all arranged to exhaust the air om theradiator and withdraw the excess water of condensation from thetank, anda sealing pipe on opposite sides of said par-.

"1e water of conden closed valve in said ,tank for receiving,

u said radiator being connection ing the escape of any vapor from thereturn riser, substantially as and for the purposes,

set forth.

9; In a steam-heating apparatus, a vacuum-producing source, a main pipewith which said VZIHllllll-pl'fltluclllg source is connected, aradiator, said radiator being also connected with said main pipe, aclosed tank below the radiator for receiving water of condensation, apipc-conncctimi between the radiator and said tank, and a main closedtank for receiving .water of condensation from said first-mentionedtank,- a pipe-connection between said tanks, a normally closed 'valve insaid pipe-connection, and a float in said first-'incntioned tank, meansconnected means in said system of pipingifor preventto and operated bysaid float for automatically opening and closing said valve, a pipeconnecting said main tank with the vacuumproducing source, and means insaid main tank and connected to said vacuum-producing source, said meansbeing operated by the riseand fall of the water of condensation in saidmain tank for automatically controlling the. vacuum-producing source,all arranged to exhaust the air from said radiator and withdraw theexcess-water of condensation from said tanks. I

10. In a steam-heating apparatus, a steampnmp, a main pipe with whichsaid vacuumproducing source is connected, a radiator, also connectedwith said a closed tank below the radiator main pipe,

0 water of condensation, a pipefor receiv n connection tank, and a mainclosed tanlefor receiving between the radiator and said the water ofcondensation fromsaid first- 7 mentioned tank, a pipe-connection betweensaid tanks,- a'normally closed valve in said pipe-connection, and afloat in said firstmentioned tank, means connected to and op eratedbysaid float for automaticallyopem ing and closin said main tan with thesuction-end of the pump, and means connected to said main tank andoperated bythe rise and fall of the water of condensation in said maintank for automaticall controlling the pump, 'allarranged to ex anst theair from the radiator and withdraw the excess water of condensation fromsaid tanks. 1

lluIn a heating system, a main pipe, at r diator, a ipe for conveying aheating fluid to the ra iator, a pump comprisinga steam said valve, apipe connectmg.

chamber and a suction-chamber, a pipe lading, from said main pipe tosaid pump for convejitipg' steam to. the steam chamber 'of said pump, aclosed tank below the'radiator for receivin water of condensation, apipeetween the radiator and said tank, and a main closed tank forreceiving thewatcr of condensation from said firstmentioned tank, apipe-connection between said tanks, a normally closed valve" in saidpipe-connection,and a float in said firstmentioned tank, means connectedto and operated by said float for automatically opening and closing saidvalve, a pipe connecting said main tank with the suctionchamber of thepump, and means connected to said. main tank and operated by the riseand fall of the Water of condensation in said main tank forautomatically controllingsaid pump, all arranged to exhaust the air fromthe radiator and Withdraw the excess Water of condensation from saidtanks,

12. In 'a heating system, a mainpipc, a radiator, a pipe for conveying aheating fluid to the radiator, a pump comprising a steam chamber and asuction chamber, a pipe leading from said main pipe to said pump, avalve in said pipe, said valve being only partially open so to admit alimited quantity of steam to the steam chamber of the pump for slowlyoperating the same, a by-pass pipe connected with said pipe on oppositesides of said partially closed valve, a normally closed valve in saidby-pass pipe, a closed tank below the radiator for receivin water ofcondensation, a pipe-connection ie/tween the radiator and said tank, anda main close-d tank for receiving the water of c ndensation from saidfirst-men tioned tank, a pipe-connection between said tanks, a normallyclosed valve in said pipeconnection, anda float in said first-mentionedtank, means connected to and operated b said float for automaticallyopening and eing said valve, a pipe connecting said main tank with thesuction-chamber of the pump, a float upon the surface of thewater-of'condcnsation in said main tank, and means connected with andoperated from said float for opening and closing the normally closedvalve insaid by-pass pipe,

all; arranged to exhaust the air from the radiator and Withdraw theexcess water of condensation from said tanks.

13. Inga steam-heating apparatus, a acunm-producing source, a main pipewith which said vacuum-producing sourceis connected, a radiator, andreturn-riser, a closed tank below the radiator for receiving Water ofcondensation, a pipe-connection between the return-riser and said tank,and a; mainclosedtank for receiving water of condensation from saidfirst-mentioned tank, a pipe-conneotion between said tanks, a normallyclosed valve in said pipe-connection, and a float in saidfirst-mentioned tank, means connected to and operated by said floatforantomatically opening and closing said valve, a pipe connectingsaidmain tank with the vaciiuin-producingsource, and means connected tosaid main tank and on eratcd by the rise and fall of the Water ofcondensatlon in said main tank for automatically controlling the vacunmproducing source, all arranged to exhaust the air from eeaaso pump. amain pipe connect-gr with said pump,

a radiator and return riser, acloscd tank below the radiator forreceiving water of condensation, a pipe-connection between thereturn-riser and said; tank, and a main closed tank for receiving theWater of condensation from said first-mentioned tank, a pipe-connectionbetween said tan s. a normally closed valve in'said pipe-connection, andiioat in said first-incntioi'xcd tank, means connected to and operatedby said float automatically opening and closing said valve, a pipeconnecting said main tank with the suctioncnd of the pump, and meansconnected to said main tank and operated by the rise and fall of thewater of condensation in said main tank for automatically controllingthe pump, all arranged to exhaust the air from the radiator and.Withdraw the excess water of condensation from said tanks, and beingadapted to act as a sealing means in the system of piping for preventingthe escape of any vapor from the return-riser when the water in saidlii'st-mcntionml tank reaches a predetermined height.

' In a heating system, a main pipe, a radiator, a pipe for conveying aheating iuid to the radiator, and a rcturn-riser, a

um) .oomnrisin a steam chamber and a snction-chamber a i e lcadin fromsaid main pipe to said pump for conveying steam densation from saidfirst-mentioned tank, a-

pipc-connection between said tanks, a normally closed valve in said pipcconnection, and a float in said firstqn'cntioned tank, means connectedto' and operated by said float for automatically opening and closingsaid valve, a pipe connecting said main tank with the suction-chamber ofthe pump, and means connected to said main tank and operated by the riseand fall of the water of condensation in said main tank forautomatically controlling said pump, all a'r-. ranged to exhaust the airfrom the radiator and withdraw the excess water of condensation fromsaid tanks, and also being adapted to act as a sealing means in thesystem of pipin for preventing the escape ofany vapor from the returnriscr when the water in the first-mentioned tank reaches a predeterminedheight.

16. In a. heating system, a main pipe, at

radiator, a pipe for conveying a heating fluid to the radiator, and areturn-riser, a pump comprising a steam chamber and a suction chamber, apipe leading from said main pipe to said pump, a valve in said pipe,said valve being only partially open so as to admit a limited quantityof steam to the steam chamber of the pump for slowly operating the same,a by-pass pipe con nected with said pipe on opposite sides of saidpartially closed valve, a normally closed valve in said by-pass pipe, aclosed tank below the radiator for receiving water of condensation, apipe-connection between the return-riser and said tank, and a mainclosed tank for receiving the water of condensation from saidfirst-mentioned tank, a pipecon nection between said tanks, a normallyclosed valve in said pipe-connection, and a float in saidfirst-mentioned tank for automatically opening and closing said valve, apipe connecting said main tank with the suction-chamber of the pump, afloat upon the surface of the water of condensation in said main tank.and means connected with said float and said valve in the by-pass pipe,said means being operated from. said float for opening and closing thenormally closed valve in said bypass pipe, all arranged to exhaust theair from the radiator and withdraw the excess water of condensation fromsaid tanks, and adapted to act as a sealing means in the system ofpiping for'preventing the escape of any vapor from the returnriser whenthe water in the first-mentioned tank. rises to a predetermined height.

17. In a heating system, a radiator and return-riser, means forsupplying a heating medium to said radiator, a returnvalve locatedbetween said radiator and said riser, said return-valve beingconstructed to operate automatically and allow the passage of air aswell as small quantities of water from the radiator and also openingwide for the passage of increased quantities of water of condensationfrom the radiator, a vacuumproducing source in said piping, a closedtank below said radiator for receiving water of condensation, apipe-connection between the return-riser and said tank, and a mainclosed tank for receiving the water of condensation from said firstmentioned tank,

a pipe-connection between said tanks, a norerated by the rise and fallof the water of condensation in said main tank for automaticallycontrolling the vacuum-producing source, all arranged to exhaust the airfrom said radiator and withdraw the excess Water of condensation fromsaid tanks.

18. In a heating system, a radiator and return-riser, means forsupplying a heating medium to said radiator, a returnvalve locatedbetween said radiator and said riser, said return-valve beingconstructed to operate automatically and allow the passage of air aswell as small quantities of water from the radiator, and also openingwide for the passage of increased quantities or water of condensationfrom the radiator, a steampump, a closed tank below the radiator forreceiving the water of condensation, a pipeconneetion between thereturn-riser and said tank, and a main closed. tank for receiving thewater of condensation from said firstmentioned tank, a pipe-connectionbetween said tanks, a normally closed valve in said pipe-connection, anda float in said firstmentioned tank, means connected to and operated bysaid float for automatically open-' ing and closing said valve, a pipeconnecting said main tank with the suction-end of the cated between,said radiator and said riser, "said LGtlll'lbVZtlVQ being constructedto operate autoniaticall and allow the passage of air as well as sma lquantities of water from the radiator, and also opening wide for thepassage of increased quantities of water of condensation from theradiator, a pipe for conveying a heating vapor or steam to the radiator,a pump comprising a steam-chamber and a suction-chamber, a pipe leadingfrom said main pipe to said pump for conveying steam to the steamchamber of said pump. a closed tank below said radiatorand riser forreceiving the water of condensation, a pipe-connection between thereturn-riser and said tank, and a main closed tank for receiving thewater of condensation {from said first-mentioned tank, a pipe-connectionbetween saidtanks, a normally closed valve in said pipe-connection, anda fl0tt -ll1 said first-mentioned tank, means connected to and operatedby said float for automatically.

opening and closing said valve, a pipe connecting said main tank withthe suctionchamber of the pump, and means connected to said main tankand operated by the rise and fall of the water of condensation in saidmain tank for automatically controlling said pump, all arranged toexhaustthe air from.

the radiator and withdraw the excess water of condensation from saidtanks.

20. In a heating system, a main pipe, a radiator and return riser, areturn-valve located between said radiator and said riser, saidreturn-valve being constructed to operate automatically and allow thepassage of air as well small quantities of water from the radiator, andalso opening wide for the.

passage of increased quantities of water of condensation from theradiator, a pipe for conveying a. heating vapor or steam to theradiator, a pump comprising a steam-charm her and an exhaust chamber, apipe leading from the main steam pipe to said pump, a valve in saidpipe, said valve being only partially open so as to admit a limitedquantity of steam to the steam-chamber of the pump for slowly operatingthe same, a bypass pipe connected with said pipe on opposite sides ofsaid artially closed valve, a normally closed va ve in said by-passpipe, :1 closed tank below the radiator for receiving the water ofcondensation, a pipe-connection between the return-riser 'and said tank,and a main closed tank for receiving the water of condensation from saidfirstmentioned tank, a pipe-connection between 'said tanks, a normallyclosed valve in sand pipe-connection, and a float in said firstmentionedtank, means connected to and operated by said float for automaticallyopening and closing said valve, a pipe connecting said main tank withthe suction chamber of the pump, a float upon the surface of the waterof condensation in said main tank, and means connected with said floatanopening and closing the normally closed valve in said by-pass pipe,all arran ed to exhaust the air from the radiator an withdraw the excesswater of condensation from said tanks.

21. In a heating system, a radiator and return-riser, means forsupplying a heating medium to said radiator, a return-valve locatedbetween said radiator and said riser, said return-valve beingconstructed to oper ate automatically and allow the passage of air aswell as small quantities of water from the radiator, and also openingwide for the passage of increased quantities of water of condensationfrom the radiator, a vacuumprodueing source, a closed tank below saidradiator for receiving water of condensation, a pipe-connection betweenthe returnriser and said tank, and a main closed tank for receiving thewater of condensation from said first-mentioned tank, a pipe-connectionbetween said tanks, a normally closed valve in said pipe-connection, anda float in said.

first-mentioned tank, means connected. to and operated by said float forautomatically opening and closing said valve, a pipe connecting saidtank with the vacuum-producing source, and means connected to said namtank and operated by the rise and fall of the water' of condensation insaid main tank for automatically controlling the vacuum-producingsource, all arranged to exhaust the air from said radiator and withdrawthe excess water of condensation from said tanks, and also being adaptedto act as a sealing member in the system of piping for preventing theescape of any vapor from the return-riser when the water in thefirstmentioncd tank is at a predetermined height.

2:2. In a heating system, a radiator and return-riser, means forsupplying ajheating medium to said-radiator, a return-valve locatedbetween said radiator and said riser, said return- 'al've beingconstructed to operate automatically and allow the passage of air aswell as small quantities of water from the radiator, and also openingwide for the passage of increased quantities of water of condensationfrom the radiator, a steampump, a closed, tank below the radiator forreceiving the water of condensatioma pipeconnection between thereturn-rise and said tank, and a main closed tank for receiving thewater of condensation from said firstmentioned tank, a pipe-connectionbetween said tanks, a normally closed valve in said pipc-cmmection, anda float in said firstmentioned tank, means connected to and 0p erated bysaid float for autonnltieally opening and closing said valve, a pipeconnecting said main tank with the suction-end of the pump, and meansconnected to said main tank and operated by the rise and fall of thewater of condensation in said tank for automatically controlling thepump, Tall arranged t o exhaust the air from the radiator and vith,drawthe excess water of condensation from said tanks, and adapted to'act asa sealing member in the-systen'l'of piping for preventing the escape ofany vapor from the riser, when the ater in the first-mentioned tank isabove a predetermined height.

23. In a heating system, a main pipe, a radiator and return-riser, areturn-valve located between said radiator and said riser, saidreturn-valve being constructed to operate automatically and allow thepassage of air as well as small quantities of water from the radiator,and also opening ,wide for the passage of increased quantities of waterof condensation from the radiator, a. pipe for conveying a heating vaporor steam to the radiator, a pump comprising a steamchamber and asuction-chamber, a pipe leading from said'main pipe to said pump forconveying steam to the steam-chamber of said pump, a closed tank belowsaid radiator, for receiving the water-of condensation, apipe-connection between the return-riser and said tank, and a mainclosed tank for receiving the Water of condensation from saidfirst-mentioned tank, a pipe-connection between said tanks, a normallyclosed valve in said pipe-connection, and a float in said eeasaofirst-mentioned tank, means connected to from the radiator, and alsoopening wide said tanks,.a normally closed valve in said 'to, said maintank and operated by the rise determined height.

nection'between the return-riser and said and operated by said float forautomatically opening and closing said valve, a pipe connecting saidmain tank with the suctionchamber of the pump, and means connected andfall of the water of condensation insaid main tank for automaticallycontrolling said pump, all arranged to exhaust the air from the radiatorand withdraw the excess Water of condensation from said tanks, andadapted to,act as a sealing member in the system of piping forpreventing the escape of any vapor from the riser when the water in thefirst-mentioned tank is above a pre- 24LQIn a heating system, a mainpipe, a radiator and return-riser, a return-valve located between saidradiator and said riser, said return-valve being constructed to opcrateautomatically and allow the assage of air as well as small quantities ofwater for the passage of increased quantities of water of condensationfrom the radiator, a pipe for conveying a heating vapor or steam to theradiator, a pump comprising a steamchamber and an exhaust chamber, apipe leading from the main steam pipe to said pump, a valve in saidpipe, said valve being only partially open so as to admit a limitedquantity of steam to the steam-chamber ofthe pump for slowly operatingthe same, .a 'by-pass pipe connected with said pipe on opposite si es ofsaid partially closed valve, a normally closed valve in said by-passpipe, a closed tank below the radiator for receiving the water ofcondensation, a pipe-contank, and a main closed tank for receiving thewater of condensation from said firstmentioned tank, a pipe-connectionbetween pipe-connection, and a float in said firstme'ntioned tank,meansconnected to and operated by said float for automatically opening aridclosing said valve, a pipe-connecting said main tank with the suctionchamber of the pump, a float upon the surface of the water ofcondensation in said main tank, and means connected with said float for\opening and closing the normally closed valve in said by-pass pipe, allarranged to exhaust the air from the radiator and Withdraw the excesswater of condensation from saidtanks, and adapted to act as a scalingmember in the system of piping for prevent ing the escape of any vaporfrom the riser, when the water in said first-mentioned tank is above apredetermined height.

25. In aheating apparatus, a main heating fluid-conveying pipe, aradiator connected therewith, a return-riser leading from said radiator,an air and water-receiver and condenser connected with saidreturn-riser, a valve in said main pipe for admitting live steam to theradiator, said valve being nor mally closed, means for intermittentlydischarging the water and air from the re ceiver and condenser, andmeans connected to said air and water-receiver and condenser andoperated from the water of condensa tion in said receiver and condenserfor pe riodically opening and closifig said valve and supplying steam tothe radiator.

26. In a heating apparatus, a main heat ing fluid-conveying pipe, aradiator connected therewith, 21,, ieturn-riser leading from saidradiator, an air and watermeceiver and condenser connected with saidreturn-riser, a valve in main pipe for admitting live steam to theradiator, said valve being normally closed, a float in said receiver andcondenser, means for intermittently discharging the water and air fromthe receiver and condenser, and means connected with and operated fromsaid float for periodically opening and closing said valve and supplyingthe live steam to the radiator.

In testimony that I claim the invention set forth above I have hereuntoset my hand this 25th day of May, 1908.

. JOHN COLLIS.

Witnesses:

FREDK. C. FRAEN ZEL, F. H. \V. FnAEN'rznL.

